Blog
17
2025
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01
What are the differences in the removal effectiveness of cationic polyacrylamide on different types of suspended particles in water treatment?
In today's industrial and environmental management fields, water treatment technology plays a vital role. Among them, cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), as a high-efficiency, high-charge-density water-soluble polymer, demonstrates excellent application value in water treatment due to its unique chemical structure and excellent flocculation performance. Especially when dealing with water containing different types of suspended particles, cationic polyacrylamide can effectively remove various pollutants through its unique mechanism of action.
I. Basic Principles
Cationic polyacrylamide is a linear polymer compound with positive charges on its molecular chain. This unique structure allows cationic polyacrylamide to electrostatically adsorb negatively charged suspended matter and colloidal particles in the water, forming large and dense flocs. These flocs settle rapidly under gravity, effectively removing suspended solids, organic matter, heavy metal ions, and other pollutants from the water.
II. Removal Effects on Different Types of Suspended Particles
Organic Suspended Particles Cationic polyacrylamide exhibits good removal effects on organic suspended particles. This is mainly due to the positive charges on its molecular chain, which electrostatically attract the negative charges on the surface of organic particles, causing the particles to aggregate into larger flocs, making it easier to separate them from the water body through sedimentation or filtration.
Inorganic Suspended Particles Cationic polyacrylamide also has good removal capabilities for inorganic suspended particles such as mud, sand, and mineral particles. Although these particles are usually uncharged or only weakly negatively charged, cationic polyacrylamide can form an extensive network structure in water through its long-chain structure, intercepting and encapsulating inorganic particles, thereby achieving their capture and removal.
Microbial Suspended Particles Cationic polyacrylamide also plays an important role in treating water containing microorganisms. Because microorganisms often carry a negative charge on their surface, cationic polyacrylamide can strongly electrostatically interact with them, leading to the aggregation and sedimentation of microbial cells and reducing the microbial content in the water body.
Oil and Grease Suspended Particles For oil and grease suspended particles, cationic polyacrylamide binds to oil molecules through its lipophilic groups, changing the surface properties of the oil, making it easier to be encapsulated and separated by water. At the same time, cationic polyacrylamide can also promote the merging of oil droplets, forming larger oil droplets, which are easier for subsequent physical separation processes.
III. Practical Application Cases
In practical applications, cationic polyacrylamide has been widely used in various fields, including municipal wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, and drinking water purification. For example, in municipal wastewater treatment plants, cationic polyacrylamide is often used in primary and secondary sedimentation tanks to accelerate sludge settling and improve treatment efficiency; in the textile and dyeing industry, cationic polyacrylamide can be used to treat wastewater containing dyes and auxiliaries, effectively removing water color and COD; in the paper industry, it can be used as a retention aid and filter aid to improve the quality and whiteness of paper.
IV. Conclusion
In summary, cationic polyacrylamide exhibits significant differences in the removal of different types of suspended particles in water treatment. These differences are reflected not only in removal efficiency but also in the treatment mechanism and application conditions. Therefore, when selecting and using cationic polyacrylamide, it is necessary to consider the specific water quality and treatment requirements comprehensively to achieve the desired treatment effect. With the increasing environmental awareness and continuous progress in water treatment technology, the application prospects of cationic polyacrylamide will be even broader.
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